Entrance to cave where outlaws reportedly hid from the authorities, 2003.
Photo: Government of Saskatchewan, Carlos Germann, 2003.
- Recognized
- 1999
- By
- Local government
The register’s text, word for word
Description
The Sam Kelly Sites is a Municipal Heritage Property consisting of 256 hectares of land located in a branch of the Big Muddy Valley near the United States border. The property contains at least nine archaeological sites, including stone rings and effigies, caves and homestead remains.
Heritage value
The heritage value of the Sam Kelly sites lies in their association with important local and regional historic themes. The stone rings and effigies reveal information regarding both everyday and ceremonial aspects of precontact First Nations culture. First Nations still hold these sites in high regard for their spiritual significance and as symbols of cultural continuity.
Other sites on the property have associations with individuals who embody the mythology of the western frontier. Around the turn of the twentieth century, outlaws such as Sam Kelly, Dutch Henry, and the Nelson Jones gang reportedly used the valley's caves to hide out from American authorities. The homestead remains are related to Monty Montana, a singing cowboy, trick roper and occasional movie actor renowned for appearing in sixty Tournament of Roses parades.
The Sam Kelly sites are also valued for their contribution to the local community’s sense of time and place. Residents take pride in the distinctive character of their district, which derives in large part from the history represented by these sites.
Source:
Rural Municipality of Happy Valley No. 10 Bylaw No. 1-99.
Character‑defining elements
The heritage value of the Sam Kelly Sites resides in the following character-defining elements:
-all of the property’s archaeological objects and features, especially those in their existing locations, such as stone rings, cairns and effigies, cellar depressions, caves and artifacts;
-the near pristine natural setting which evokes a sense of the past;
-use of the site by First Nations for ceremonial purposes;
-use of the site by community residents for educational, leisure and tourism purposes.
End of the register’s text
Location
Happy Valley RM 10, Saskatchewan, S0H, Canada
49.00690° N, 105.00053° W
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From the Canadian Register of Historic Places, as last updated on December 12, 2025. The register’s text is shown word for word.